Abstract:Genetic engineering plays a fundamental role in solving food security, sustainability and quality. These are achieved through the introduction of genomic markers for improving crop yields, enhancing disease resistance and nutritional contents. The study of genetics has made a significant contribution to crop sustainability in the areas of pest and disease resistance; improved crop yield and tolerance to environmental stressors. From the literature available studies and reports had revealed that genetically modified crops (GMC) have been able to increase crop yield by about 15% when compared to the conventional varieties. This technology is used in developing nutritionally enhanced crops with desirable traits. More importantly, genetics has played a pivotal role in retaining diversity within crops to ensure sustainability and adaptability within the agricultural systems.